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Unlocked at Accreditation Tier 3
Statistics
The Danube crested newt (or Triturus dobrogicus) is an amphibian species living in the slow-flowing waters, tributaries and surrounding woodlands of the Danube River.
The sides and back of the newts are covered in black and brown skin with white and black mottling, while their belly and throat are coloured bright red and orange with dark patterns.
As with all crested newts, the species expresses sexual dimorphism where males have a distinctive spiked crest running down the length of their spine during breeding season. Male newts are 13cm to 15cm long, females are slightly larger measuring up to 18cm in length.
- The Danube crested newt is the smallest of all crested newt species.
- When threatened, Danube crested newts assume a defensive posture to expose their brightly coloured underside and secrete toxins; this is known as the Unkenreflex.
- Like other newts, Danube crested newts are strictly carnivorous from the moment of hatching.
- Danube crested newts spend over half of the year in the water to breed and hunt, and the remaining months of the year on land; as such they have the longest aquatic phase of all crested newts.
- Danube crested newts already existed before the last glacial period and, like other crested newt species, likely survived in small refugia to then spread to their current ranges again.
Habitat
Minimum habitat requirements
Environment
Preferred group ranges
Social
Danube crested newts do not have specific social requirements and mainly live solitarily. Provided there is enough space and food, they tolerate other individuals nearby.
Release
Conservation
Assessed as Least Concern, the Danube crested newt is still in decline and threatened by habitat loss. Wetland drainage, pollution and damming, as well as aridification as a consequence of climate change destroy suitable habitat for these amphibians. Like other salamanders, the Danube crested newt is potentially at risk of Bsal (Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans) infections, a relatively new fungus that is extremely lethal, though it is not yet present in this newt’s natural range.
Several areas within the Danube crested newt’s habitat are covered by established protected areas. Ongoing protection of wetland habitats is the primary focus to help this and other newt species survive. Translocations from threatened water bodies can bolster weak or save threatened populations. While Bsal is not currently active in Danube crested newt’s range, an action plan for its management on an EU-wide scale is urgently requested by conservationists to manage outbreaks and keep salamander species from extinction in the future.
Research
| Level | Unlocks | Bonus | Research gate |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fertility Level 1 | Fertility (+15%) | |
| 2 | Danube Crested Newt Fact Sheet | ||
| 3 | Release groups and release to the wild | ||
| 4 | Fertility Level 2 | Fertility (+30%) |
Conservation topics
Life
Reproduction
Lifecycle
Body
1 cm
2 cmBreeding
Danube crested newts move to breeding areas from February to March, stretches of slow-moving or still water close to where they themselves hatched. Males track females and engage in a courtship display, involving tail movements and lashes, arching of the back and crest waving. After a successful mating ritual, the male deposits a spermatophore on the ground for the female, who will accept it into her cloaca to fertilise her eggs internally.
Several days later, she will lay eggs onto the leaves of aquatic plants, folding them around the eggs to protect them. Over 2 weeks she will lay around 200 eggs this way. 2 to 3 weeks later the larvae will hatch from the eggs. They will remain in their aquatic larval form for 2 to 4 months before metamorphosing.
Having metamorphosed into their adult form, the newts will move to sheltered, damp areas on land, usually in nearby woodland. They reach sexual maturity at the age of 2 to 3 years old, and will breed once per year during their aquatic phase.